USA is a unique state which combines favourable climate, rich resources and personal achievements of energetic settlers. In contrast with more severe in climate Canada and far much distant Australia it has won independence in the late 18th century — on the eve of Industrial Era. It attracted during 1800–1914 nearly 60% of 65 million migrants from Europe. ‘The United States received more than the rest of the New World, and probably the entire world, combined… Its absorptive capacity was thus exceptional in sheer numbers’ [1]. Optimal distance from the Old World (enough not to be involved in constant wars and permissive for intense communications with Europe) led to profitable external trade and multinational migrations to provide for necessary work-force. Multiplicity of legal status of North American colonies widely dispersed along Atlantic Coast which are subdivided into royal (state), private and corporate (collective) ones has laid the foundation of the future territorial pluralism of the USA. Real economic, social, political and cultural differences between New England, Middle Atlantic and Southern colonies strengthened this pluralism. Colonies were established one by one during rather long time (more than 150 years). ‘throughout the colonial period, the colonists borrowed as much English law as they wanted to take or were forced to take. Their appetite was determined by requirements of the moment, by ignorance or knowledge of what was happening abroad, and by general obstinacy. Mapping out how far colonial law fit English law is almost a hopeless job. Legal cultures differed in different colonies. New England deviated from standart English law more than the Southern colonies did’ [2, p. 20].
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Пензенский государственный университет Заведующий · Кафедра теории государства и права и политологии · Пенза



