Comparative Research In Law and Politics Comparative Research In Law and Politics Сравнительные правовые и политические исследования 2309-2653 3234 10.12737/5250 Сравнительно-правовой метод в отраслях права Method of comparative law in the branches of law Сравнительно-правовой метод в отраслях права Amicable Dispute Resolution: a comparison of the Polish and Russian legal perspective Amicable Dispute Resolution: сравнение польской и российской правовой перспективы Зенкевич Адам Zienkiewicz Adam Zygmunt radcaprawny@zienkiewicz.com.pl 15 06 2014 15 06 2014 2 1 61 67 https://riorpub.com/en/nauka/article/3234/view

Статья посвящена Amicable Dispute Resolution (ADR). В ней рассматриваются сущность подхода "amicable" к разрешению споров и сущность основных форм ADR (переговоров, медиации, арбитража). Автор трактует эти формы как "first class justice". По его мнению, медиация и другие основные формы ADR являются дополнительными формами правосудия - так называемыми the Complementary Forms of Justice. Далее представлен подробный анализ наиболее важных правовых положений, регулирующих медиацию по гражданским делам в Польше и Российской Федерации. Сравнительный анализ показывает основные различия между польскими и российскими формами правового регулирования. В заключение указаны пять основных причин применения форм ADR. Кроме того, представлены разнообразные функции, выполняемые формами ADR в общественно-правовой системе.

The article is devoted to Amicable Dispute Resolution (ADR). The essence of amicable means of dispute resolution and the basic forms of ADR (negotiation, mediation, arbitration) are considered. Author treats these forms as the first class justice. In his point of view mediation and the other basic forms of ADR are "the Complementary Forms of Justice". Then there is the detailed analysis focuses on the most important law acts concerning mediation in civil matters in Poland and the Russian Federation. The comparison presents the essential differences between the Polish and the Russian regulations. In conclusion, the five mainly motives of using ADR are noticed. The broader functions of ADR connected not only the classical regulatory, protective or harmonizing issues are shown.The article is devoted to Amicable Dispute Resolution (ADR). The essence of amicable means of dispute resolution and the basic forms of ADR (negotiation, mediation, arbitration) are considered. Author treats these forms as the first class justice. In his point of view mediation and the other basic forms of ADR are "the Complementary Forms of Justice". Then there is the detailed analysis focuses on the most important law acts concerning mediation in civil matters in Poland and the Russian Federation. The comparison presents the essential differences between the Polish and the Russian regulations. In conclusion, the five mainly motives of using ADR are noticed. The broader functions of ADR connected not only the classical regulatory, protective or harmonizing issues are shown.

 Amicable Dispute Resolution конфликт переговоры медиация арбитраж мировая сделка the ComplementaryForms of Justice. Amicable Dispute Resolution conflict negotiation mediation arbitration agreement the ComplementaryForms of Justice.

I. Amicable means of dispute resolution.The traditional means of dispute resolution in short include fight, force or coercion. A conflict is viewed only as a struggle. These responses have resulted in the winlose, right — wrong perspective of conflict resolution. The parties are adversaries, focus on who is right, who is more powerful, who will be a winner. In this case, the main legal method to resolve disputes is litigation procedure [1, p. 4–5]. In contrast, Amicable/Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) identifies a group of forms (processes) through which conflicts (disputes) and cases are resolved outside of formal litigation procedures usuallyby negotiation, mediation or arbitration [2, p. 24–25]. ADR avoids traditional means of resolving disputes and focuses on new and creative methods to achieve the main purpose which is the win-win solution (mutual acceptable and profitable agreement). They rely on interested-based and relational-based paradigms of conflict solving which offer the most collaboration and integrative methods. It is also recognized as the most productive conflict-handling behavior. These methods, which increases the reconciliation of interests and needs, are also identified as the most prospective and effective system of dispute resolution. If the primary goal of reconciling interests in not successful (lack of agreement), then rights determination should be next, leaving a court resolution as the last resort [3, p. 6]. 

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Zienkiewicz A., op.cit., p. 44-46, 96-123. More information concerning the different objectives of mediation, additionally see: Riskin L., Understanding Mediator’s Orientations, Strategies and Techniques: A Grid for the Perplexed, 1 “Harvard Negotiation Law Review” 1996, p. 7-51. More information concerning the different objectives of mediation, additionally see: Riskin L., Understanding Mediator’s Orientations, Strategies and Techniques: A Grid for the Perplexed, 1 “Harvard Negotiation Law Review” 1996, p. 7-51. Compare: Auerbach J., Justice Without Law? Resolving Dispute Without Lawyers, New York, 1983. Compare: Auerbach J., Justice Without Law? Resolving Dispute Without Lawyers, New York, 1983. Compare: Waldman E. Identifying Role of Social Norms in Mediation: A Multiple Model Aproach, 48 “Hastings Law Journal” 1997, p. 703-769 Compare: Waldman E. 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