The basic position (category) of the new soil mechanics and geotechnical engineering, are set out in hierarchical order and systematized. The article gives the fundamental differences of new developments on existing, including the new classification of the ground state (compaction — normalnouplotnenny — nedouplotnenny), geotechnical model (geomassiv — the foundation — building), weight of the soil (assessment γh in situ), the pore pressure (education element and evolution of the lithosphere), analogue-discrete soil model (frail body with an infinite elastic modulus), Young’s modulus (modulus of elasticity), capillary soil model (beaded capillaries and capillaries Zhomena), the effect Kulachkina-Radkevich (pore pressure may be lower than atmospheric pressure, load-bearing capacity (Gersevanov and acoustics in the ground), the acoustics in geotechnics (continuity, integrity, strength and geometry of the pile, and others). The analytical and experimental data in various regions of Russia and abroad are given.